Steps in Software Development Life Cycle SDLC

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a methodology that is typically used to develop, maintain and replace information systems for improving the quality of the software design and development process.  The typical phases are analysis, estimation, design, development, integration and testing and implementation.  The success of software largely depends on proper analysis, estimation, design and testing before the same is implemented.

Steps in SDLC

The Software Development Life Cycle is the cycle in which the business analysts, the software developers, the database designers and/or the database developers, the QA developers and end users collaborate to build the application software.  Basically, it involves designing the application from scratch, documenting everything, adding the improvements and fixing the bugs that occur in the SDLC.  It is the lifecycle of Software from concept to obsolescence.

A quality software system is based on the following three principles:

· Modeling of the software development process (process)

· Modeling of the measurement of product (product)

· Modeling of the management and human interactions (people)

The software development life cycle (SDLC) may be divided into the following steps:

1. Requests from customers/original idea

2. Creation of feature lists based on item 1

3. Technical design of features based on item 2

4. Software design and time evaluation based on item 3

5. Code implementation based on item 4

6. Software Testing

7. Beta release/ bug fixes

8. Final release

SDLC Categories

Broadly, the SDLC steps discussed earlier can be categorized into:

· Requirement Specification

· Requirement Analysis and Design

· Coding and Testing

· Deployment and Support

The following sections discuss these in more detail.

Requirement Specification

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) provides a complete description of all the functions and specifications of the software to be designed.  It extracts the functional and the nonfunctional requirements of the desired software product.  It is the initial stage in the SDLC, the first and the foremost step that has to be performed and includes the information about the requirements for the proposed system.  The requirements are pertained to such as resources, scope of the system, purpose of the system and the limitations.  This phase is also known as the feasibility study phase.

Requirement Analysis and Design   

After the requirements specification is over, it is analyzed for its accuracy and sufficiency.  Issues such as whether that particular proposed system will serve the purpose or not, what are the necessary constraints that have to be taken into consideration and the monitoring the management of the activities in a fashion are all carried out in a hierarchical manner which is specified in the BRS (Business Requirement Specification) document.

Coding and Testing

The next step consists of developing the application logic and writing the functionalities for the user interfaces on a specific action performed (known as Coding).  The coding or the development phase takes as its primary input the design elements described in the approved design document. It is to be noted that the Programmers/Developers should adhere to the required coding standards.  The code should also be optimized for the purpose of saving the valuable resources. Next in the SDLC cycle comes the testing phase.

Deployment and Support

The software that has been developed and deployed should provide adequate support for maintenance so as to cope with the bugs that can exists even after deployment of the software is over.  This can take far more time than the initial development process of the software.

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Tags: sdlc, process models, development process, analysis, estimation, design, development, integration, testing, implemenation, life cycle, quality software, request

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