Friday, January 06, 2006

Say goodbye to Hard Drives

With flash storage being brought up by the cellphone industry for its efficient size and energy consumption it is the next natural storage medium for laptops. Also sporting instant on capability, it seems that cost is the only thing that stands in the way of flash sending hard drives into storage along with tape drives. So, Say goodbye to Hard Drives Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Simple java log4j configuration

Log4j is an excellent logging package for Java. I've been using it since version 0.7.4 in early 2000 and we use it at work for all our logging. Presenting the information below may seem to many log4j users like teaching your grandmother to suck eggs but I think it's useful so I though I'd write it down.

Log4j's free documentation is good for describing the various configuration and logging choices you can make but doesn't present any task based or how-to information. This note describes a simple log4j setup that uses four files to record debug, informational, warning and error messages. The debug file will contain all messages, the informational file only informational, warning and error messages, the warning file only warnings, and errors and the error file only errors.

In each Java source file I define a private static final Logger instance and use that for logging. Using the class the logger is in as the value for the getLogger method means each class gets it's own Logger instance, and the logger hierarchy parallels the class hierarchy. This gives you good information about where messages are coming from and good control over which ones are logged. So in a class called Test I'd use:

private static final Logger log =
Logger.getLogger(Test.class);

When logging a debug or info message it's good practice to preceed each with a test using the isDebugEnabled or isInfoEnabled method. This will save you cycles later when debug or info messages are disabled, especially if the message being logged includes objects that are expesive to compute. For example:

 if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug("A Debug Message");

In the log4j configuration file the first stage is to define four appenders, one for each output file. If this file is named log4j.xml and is on the classpath then it is found automatically by log4j when it is needed. Use the threshold parameter to limit the messages that are written to the file. As threshold is a property of the AppenderSkeleton class the same technique should work for any appender. Here's the definition of the DEBUG appender.





value="%d{ISO8601} %-5p %c - %m%n"/>


After all of the appenders the lowest level logger to be controlled is defined. It is associated with all four appenders so that all messages sent to the logger are presented to all appenders. As explained in the log4j manual appenders are additive Each enabled logging request for a given logger will be forwarded to all the appenders in that logger as well as the appenders higher in the hierarchy. So the single logger definition below will see messages logged by any loggers in the com.zanthan hierarchy.








You can turn on or off logging of various levels by class or package by adding extra logger entries. For example the entry below will meant that classes whose names start with com.zanthan.xsltxt will only output warning and error messages.




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Thursday, January 05, 2006

Increase brain and brawn for the new year

In New Year's Resolutions

PoorAsDirt has some tips that should help you have a heathlier and smarter 2006.

Perhaps you've resolved to get in shape in the new year. Judging by the number of people packing my gym this week, I'd say you're not alone. And perhaps you've also resolved to read more books, as your brain has atrophied with too much reality television and Vice City. These activities don't have to be mutually exclusive. Try these three multitasking tricks to stay sharp while getting pumped.
Getting Both Brawn and Brains Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Talk your emails

Springdoo

Are your fingers tired from typing e-mail? A new voice-to-email service, Springdoo, might be able to help with that.

Springdoo is a free service that lets you talk your emails. Anyone can now easily send talking emails in their own voice, without typing. You can Springdoo using your computer and a microphone, or any telephone.
Springdoo Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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O'Reilly Asterisk Book Available For Free Download

O'Reilly Media's latest book, Asterisk: The Future of Telephony, written by Jim Van Meggelen, Jared Smith, and Leif Madsen is available for download in PDF format. In the spirit of open source, O'Reilly has licensed the book under the creative commons license making it free to download and distribute.

Image

To download the entire book click here.
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The Next Google?

This new search engine looks like it may give google some competition.

Previewseek.com Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Men Are From Google, Women Are From Yahoo

On the Internet, as in life, men and women have different motivations for doing what they do. According to a recent report from Pew Internet and American Life, women view the Internet as a place to extend, support, and nurture relationships and communities. Men tend to see it as an office, a library, or a playground--screw the community, this is about function not family.

Men Are From Google, Women Are From Yahoo
Do Different Genders Use The Web Differently

The report found that women are more enthusiastic communicators, using email in a more robust way. Not only sending and receiving more email than men, women are more likely to write to family and friends about a variety of topics, sharing news, joys and worries, planning events, and forwarding jokes and stories.

While both sexes equally appreciate the efficiency and convenience of email, women are more likely than men to value the medium for its positive effects on improving relationships, expanding networks, and encouraging teamwork at the office.

"Women also value email for a kind of positive, water-cooler effect, which lightens the atmosphere of office life," reads the 54-page report.

The report found that women are more likely to use the Internet for emailing, getting maps and directions (after all, we men always know where we're going), looking for health and medical information, seeking support for health and personal problems, and getting religious information.

Men tend to be more intense Internet users than women, being more likely to go online daily (61% of men and 57% of women) and more likely to go online several times a day (44% of men and 39% of women).

Men also tend to go online in greater numbers than women but for a much broader variety of reasons. Men are more likely to use the Internet to check the weather, get news, find do-it-yourself information, acquire sports scores and information, look for political information, do job-related research, download software, listen to music, rate a product/person/service through an online reputation system, download music, use a webcam, and take a class.

Note there was nothing about "nurturing relationships."

Here are some stats for the number crunchers:

· 67% of the adult American population goes online, including 68% of men and 66% of women

· 86% of women ages 18-29 are online, compared with 80% of men that age.

· 34% of men 65 and older use the Internet, compared with 21% of women that age.

· 62% of unmarried men compared with 56% of unmarried women go online

· 75% of married women and 72% of married men go online

· 61% of childless men compared with 57% of childless women go online

· 81% of men with children and 80% of women with children go online.

· 52% of men and 48% of women have high-speed connections at home

· 94% of online women and 88% of online men use email Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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World's Most Complicated Watch

The Vacheron Constantin Tour de l'Ile is the most complicated watch ever made. It's two-sided and can compute sunset time, has a perpetual calendar, second time zone, a tourbillon device and shows a representation of the night sky! All this WITHOUT a battery....only 7 to be made at $1.5 Million each.
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Better than Google?

Lexxe
A very powerful search engine...

comments ...

"Our laboratory experiments have revealed that Lexxe is 50% more accurate and relevant, and 50% more efficient than any other search engines in the world (including Google) and this efficiency rate is growing. For example, if one spent 3 minutes to find 4 pieces of information, he or she could have spent 2 minutes on Lexxe. The more one uses Lexxe (say 20 individual searches), the more obvious one will feel about Lexxe’s efficiency, thanks to Lexxe’s superior search accuracy in information relevance."

Founded in 2005, Lexxe Pty Ltd (ACN: 117 090 454) has been developing a third generation Internet search engine with advanced Natural Language Processing technologies. Our initial research and development of the search engine dated back in October 2004, with the help of Kangasoft Pty Ltd and a number of supportive individuals. Lexxe is based in Sydney, Australia.

"Lexxe", our company name, is derived from a linguistic term "Lexical", which means "related to words". It emphasises the processing of language from the level of words and the meanings associated with them, which is a core issue for Lexxe. Lexxe has been exploring more intelligent ways to find information for users in a more meaningful way. We believe this method will eventually bring far more accurate and relevant search results than the current search techonology. Our technology is built upon the foundation of advanced Natural Language Processing technology. Please find out more about our technology.

What is Lexxe?

Lexxe is a third generation Internet search engine featuring Natural Language Processing technologies. It is fully automatic without human editing involved. Most of its answers come from unstructured texts and webpages on the Internet. Lexxe departs from the symbolic computing methods of the second generation search engines peaked by Google, to the linguistic computing methods. In other words, acknowledging the fact that search is a language-oriented (or even meaning-driven) computing activity marks a paradigmatic shift and generation watershed in search engine evolution. In the following paragraphs, Lexxe's "state-of-the-art" search methods leveraged by advanced Natural Language Processing technologies will be explained in details. Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Tuesday, January 03, 2006

A huge virus threat for every Windows PC ever made

Computer security experts were grappling with the threat of a newweakness in Microsoft’s Windows operating system that could put hundreds of millions of PCs at risk of infection by spyware or viruses.

The news marks the latest security setback for Microsoft, the world’s biggest software company, whose Windows operating system is a favourite target for hackers.

“The potential [security threat] is huge,” said Mikko Hyppönen, chief research officer at F-Secure, an antivirus company. “It’s probably bigger than for any other vulnerability we’ve seen. Any version of Windows is vulnerable right now.”

The flaw, which allows hackers to infect computers using programs maliciously inserted into seemingly innocuous image files, was first discovered last week. But the potential for damaging attacks increased dramatically at the weekend after a group of computer hackers published the source code they used to exploit it. Unlike most attacks, which require victims to download or execute a suspect file, the new vulnerability makes it possible for users to infect their computers with spyware or a virus simply by viewing a web page, e-mail or instant message that contains a contaminated image.

“We haven’t seen anything that bad yet, but multiple individuals and groups are exploiting this vulnerability,” Mr Hyppönen said. He said that every Windows system shipped since 1990 contained the flaw.

Microsoft said in a security bulletin on its website that it was aware that the vulnerability was being actively exploited. But by early yesterday, it had not yet released an official patch to correct the flaw. “We are working closely with our antivirus partners and aiding law enforcement in its investigation,” the company said. In the meantime, Microsoft said it was urging customers to be careful opening e-mail or following web links from untrusted sources.

Meanwhile, some security experts were urging system administrators to take the unusual step of installing an unofficial patch created at the weekend by Ilfak Guilfanov, a Russian computer programmer.

Concerns remain that without an official patch, many corporate information technology systems could remain vulnerable as employees trickle back to work after the holiday weekend.

“We’ve received many e-mails from people saying that no one in a corporate environment will find using an unofficial patch acceptable,” wrote Tom Liston, a researcher at the Internet Storm Center, an antivirus research group. Both ISC and F-Secure have endorsed the unofficial fix.

Microsoft routinely identifies or receives reports of security weaknesses but most such vulnerabilities are limited to a particular version of the Windows operating system or other piece of Microsoft software. In recent weeks, the company has been touting its progress in combating security threats. Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Improving webpage performance

There is a ton of research on user behavior based on task response time and I'm sure if you search Jakob Nielsen's site you'll find something.

I remember an IBM study made more than 15 years ago that said if it took 1 second for the computer to respond, it would take 1 second for the user to start the next step, but, if it takes 10 seconds for the computer to respond, it takes 20 seconds for the user to start the next step on his task. It is an exponential problem because users get more and more distract the longer it takes for a command to respond.

Web sites are no different. Google proved with its super fast pages (part real, part perception) that users will perform many more searches if they know they don't have to wait long. If each query on Google would take 20 seconds to respond, you are more likely spending more time thinking about what search terms you'll use. But since it takes just 3 seconds, you just keep adding and removing search terms.

So, during the past few weeks I've been collecting tips for Web Developers on how to improve their page speed. These tips effect latency, bandwidth, rendering and/or perception of when a page is ready. They are in no particular order.

Tip #1: Strip spaces, tabs, CR/LF from the HTML

I'm always surprised when I look at some large website HTML to find out that it has a ton of unnecessary spaces, tabs, new-lines, HTML comments, etc. Just removing those elements can reduce the page size by 5-10%, which in turn can decrease the download latency. I'll go one step further and say to you to not use quotes on attributes unless necessary.

Tip #2: Don't use XHMTL

This is very controversial. A lot of people will call me crazy, but I see XHTML as a loser technology. It has its benefits, but they are far outweighted by the drawbacks. And the biggest drawback for me is that XHTML makes your page larger. Purists will always build their page on XHTML, but if you are in doubt about using it or not, don't!

Tip #3: Keep Cookies Small

Your cookie is sent back to your server every single time the user makes a request for anything. Even with Images, JS, CSS requests or XML-over-HTTP (AJAX) the cookie is sent. A typical HTTP request will have between 500-1000 bytes. Now, if you have 4 cookies each with names like "user_name" followed by a value with 30 characters, you are adding 15-30% more bytes to the request.

Tip #4: Keep JavaScript Small

Who cares if I'm calling my JavaScript function "start_processing_page()" or "slp()"? The download speed cares and the interpreter cares as well, so, use tiny function and variable names, remove comments and unnecessary code.

Tip #5: Use Public Caching

IMHO, This is one of the most under-used features of HTTP. Big websites use it (usually through a CDN, like Akamai), but the vast majority (I dare to say 99%) don't. All those icons, CSSs, JS can, and should, be cached by the browser (Private Cache), but public caching also allows Proxies in-between to cache them. This reduces the load on your server, allowing more CPU and bandwith to do the important stuff. Now, a lot of people don't use Public caching (or even Private) because their CSS is changing, the JS has bugs that need to be fixed, etc. Well, you can do 3 things to deal with that. 1) Let content to be cached for a short period of time (for example, 24h only). 2) Rename the files every time you make a change to them, this way you can let it be cached permanently, or 3) Implement an HTTP Filter that automatically renames the file if they have changed.

Tip #6: Enable HTTP Compression

Your HTML couldn't be a better candidate for compression. It has a very limited character set and lots of repetitions (count the number of "DIV" on your page). That is why HTTP Compression makes so much sense. It can reduces the download by 70% or more. So, instead of having to send 40KB of data, you are sending just 15KB. The user will thank you.

Tip #7: Keep all as much as possible in lower case

This actually works in conjunction with HTTP compression. Remember that this type of compression is lossless, this is, decompressing a content will yield the exactly original, which means that the compression algorithm will treat "DIV", "Div" and "div" as different streams. So, always use lower case for tag names and attributes on the HTML and CSS. Also try to be consistent on your JavaScript.

Tip #8: Avoid Tables

Rendering a table is probably the worse nightmare for a browser. If the browser starts showing the table before all the content inside it is loaded, the browser's rendering engine will have to re-render it many times as each piece is loaded. On the other hand, if the browser needs to wait for everything to be loaded, the user we see a blank page (or partially blank) for a few seconds. Browser's usually use a combination of both to reduce the number of re-renderings without leaving the user hanging in there. The point is, don't make your whole page start with a table. It is preferrable to have 3 tables (header, body, footer). Whenever possible, just avoid using tables altogether.

Tip #9: Set image size

This is very similar to the table rendering problem. If you add an IMG tag to the middle of your page and don't set "width" and "height", the browser has to wait for the image to be loaded to decide the final size, but, meanwhile it will cost the browser at least 1 re-rendering because it will not wait for all the images to be loaded to show you the page.

Tip #10: Compact your GIF/JPG

So, your page has several GIFs and/or JPG? It is very likely that those could be compressed even more without any loss! GIF/PNG mainly have a very compact data structure, but most applications like Corel Photo-Paint and Adobe PhotoShop don't optimize it at all. Go to http://download.com and find yourself a good set of tools to compact your image files. You will be surprised that one of your GIFs had 900 bytes and after compacting it, end up being just 80 bytes.

Tip #11: Reduce the number of external elements

If you see a request graphic from Keynote (a site perf monitoring service) you would be shocked at how long it takes to download just a few extra files to render a page, like a few images, a CSS and a JS file. If you did a good job with Tip #5 (using caching), the impact will be lesser. A browser can only request an image file, after it detected it on the parsing of the HTML. A lot of those file requests are serial. Some browsers limite the number of TCP connections to a single server (usually to 2), thus, allowing your page to only download 2 files at a time. If you have 1 page, 1 css, 1 js, and 7 images on your page (10 files), you can imagine that a lot has to happen before everything is loaded. The point here is, try to reduce the number of files (mostly images), and, if the CSS/JS are small enough, embed it into the page.

Tip #12: Use a single DNS Lookup

This is so overlooked. How many Web Developers think about DNS Lookup when they are building a site? I guarantee you, not many. But even before the browser opens a connection to your server, it needs to do a DNS Lookup to resolve the domain name to an IP address. Now, DNS lookups is one of the fatest things on the Internet, because the protocol is tiny and it is cached everywhere, including the user's computer. But, sometimes you see sites making "creative" domain names for the same server. Like all images come from "images.mysite.com", the page is coming from "w3.mysite.com" (after a redirect from "www.mysite.com"), and the streaming video comes from "mms.mysite.com". That is 3 DNS lookups more than necessary.

Tip #13: Delay Script Starts

If you have a process that renders 100 images per second using 100% CPU, and you add another process doing the same thing, the performance will be less than 100 images per second (less than 50 per process). That is because now the OS has to manage context switches. The same thing applies the scripts on your page. If the browser stills loading and processing a few images, or CSS and you just fire a script, it will take longer for that script to execute than if you had waited the page to be completely loaded. Actually, it gets a little bit more complicated. The browser fires the "onload" event for the page once it has all the elements necessary to render the page, not after the page has really been rendered (there is no "onrendercomplete" event). This means that even after the onload event, the CPU still being used by the browser to render the page. What I usually do in situations like this is to add two indirections. First, attach a script to the onload event to invoke a function that will create a time-event in a few seconds that will do the real initialization.

Tip #14: Watch for Memory Leak

The biggest problem with browser's memory leak is that it doesn't affect only the page that created the leak, it affects every single page from any site after that. Internet Explorer is notorious for its massive memory leaks (becase of poor JavaScript). There are a few tools on the Internet to find out if your script is causing memory leak and where. The easiest test is to load your page 100 times and watch PerfMon to see if the Working Set is growing or not. The most simple thing that you should do is to unbind every event that you bound to (dynamically), and to release every reference possible (this also helps the JavaScript garbage collector to be faster).

If you have no clue what I talked about in one of the topics above, either you really don't need to know about it, or, you should immediately go buy some books, and I recommend all books by O'Reilly, like:

  • Dynamic HTML: The Definitive Reference - by Danny Goodman
  • JavaScript & DHTML Cookbook - by Danny Goodman
  • HTTP: The Definitive Guide - by David Gourley & Brian Totty
  • Web Caching - by Duane Wessels
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Monday, January 02, 2006

How to make a great speech

You need to make an important speech at a work-related event and you are really nervous.

Well, you are not alone. Many people fear speaking up in public.

How do you not only overcome the fear, but also excel at the task? Here are a few tips to help you prepare and deliver a really memorable speech.

Writing a winning speech

i. Know your audience. Understand who makes up your audience, and why you have been invited to speak to them. The most important question here is -- what need do you have to fulfill?

ii. Know the place. Familiarise yourself if possible with details like the size of the hall and audience, the acoustics etc. If you are familiar with the place and the set-up, last moment jitters will be relatively less.

iii. Choose an interesting topic. If you have already been given a topic, endeavour to make it more interesting. You could do this by adding real examples and injecting humour.

iv. Your speech must be well-structured with a distinct introduction, a middle and a conclusion.

v. Break up the middle into point form. Then tie together the points with appropriate transitions. This shows a very organised approach, as well as makes the speech easy to follow.

vi. Bring in humour, but ensure that it is in good taste and does not hurt anyone's sensibilities. You could give an example of an embarrassing moment you went through.

vii. Unless specified, don't make the speech complicated -- with too much data, especially in the form of dates, numbers and names. Instead, give a printed hand-out with these. This will ensure that your audience enjoys the speech without the stress of trying to remember all the complicated stuff.

viii. Bring in not more than approximately three salient points. Anything more and the entire effect is diluted. The human brain cannot focus on too many focal points at a time.

ix. Always have back up -- some extra examples and anecdotes in case you need to speak longer or you have forgotten parts of your original speech and can't go back to it.

x. One of the most important points: respect your audience. Prepare well and credit them with intelligence. They are taking time out to listen to you.

Practice makes perfect

i. Stand in front of the mirror and practice. Watch your expressions and your body language, and make changes wherever required.

ii. Practice in a corner -- this will throw back your voice at you, and you can see how you sound.

iii. Practice in front of a relative or friend -- they will give you valuable feedback. But, be careful that you don't do this in front of someone overly critical or else you will lose your nerve entirely.

iv. Tape your speech, replay it and make corrections. This way you will gain a lot more confidence too, in addition to deleting irritating 'fillers' from your speech. Listen for unnecessary fillers like: like, uh, um, you know, well, okay, sort of, actually, basically etc. Any word you use when it is not required becomes a filler.

While on stage

i. Avoid carrying reams of paper. Note down the important points on separate small cards, or in a bullet-list form on a sheet of paper. This coupled with the practice sessions at home will ensure you don't forget anything. Another problem with carrying the entire speech is that you will be tempted to read from it. The speech then lacks soul and the audience attention wanders.

ii. Look around the hall and understand that these are people who are here to listen to you. They think that you have something of value for them. Once you understand that, your fear would have vanished to a large extent. Take deep breath and then begin.

iii. Start by thanking the person who has introduced you, then count slowly till three. Make eye contact around the hall. This gives the audience time to settle down, and you, the time to calm down.

iv. Be enthusiastic and alive. Love what you are saying -- this will enliven the audience too, and works very positively towards building up thier impression of you.

v. Maintain eye contact all around, not just to certain sections.

viii. Don't panic if you have made a mistake or forgotten to say something. Only you know what your speech is about, so even if you have made a mistake that is not glaring, if you are confident, no one will realise that you have made one. Refer to your list of points to get back on track.

viii. Leave your audience with food for thought and a feeling of satisfaction, that their expectations were met.

ix. The last and final point and the most important -- go there and enjoy yourself. Nothing is more contagious than loving what you do and having fun while doing it.

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Giant Collection of Electronic Schematics

This website has a GIANT collection of over 2000 electronic schematics for everything from guitar amplifiers and effects to entire computers (like the Apple LISA and Nintendo Gameboy)! Enough projects to keep you occupied for the rest of your life! :) Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Giant Collection of Electronic Schematics

This website has a GIANT collection of over 2000 electronic schematics for everything from guitar amplifiers and effects to entire computers (like the Apple LISA and Nintendo Gameboy)! Enough projects to keep you occupied for the rest of your life! :) Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Three simple actions that doubled my website traffic in 30 days

The following post was submitted by Adrian W Kingsley-Hughes.

I started the PC Doctor blog in May of 2005 and for the first few months my traffic was really low - down in the few hundreds of visitors a day. It was pretty depressing I can tell you and there were times when I thought about quitting. I knew that the site was in the Google ’sandbox’ and so I either had to keep on plugging at it until it was out or I had to give up.

Fortunately, I decided to keep on posting but in the interim I decided that I was also going to do my utmost to drive traffic to my site manually until Google kicked in. I took a look around at what some of the successful blogs were doing and came up with three tactics that helped to double my website traffic in a month.

  1. First, I made the most of Technorati tags. I tagged every key word in each of my posts. Initially I did this manually but them I discovered a WordPress plugin called SimpleTags that made the job a whole lot easier.

    I found that by tagging my post effectively they were getting a lot more attention then their untagged counterparts, and as an added advantage I was getting focused, quality traffic to the site!

  2. I leveraged my existing website. I’ve been running my business website for a few years and that was getting modest levels of traffic that was relevant to my blog - so why not try to drive some of that to my new blog! I placed a few FeedBurner headline animator blocks on some of my most popular pages and after a day or so I noticed a significant increase in traffic for 5 minutes worth of work on my part.
  3. Finally, I made effective use of trackback links to popular sites. If I commented on a post on another site I would make sure that I set up the appropriate trackback for it. The results from this are varied depending on the site and post that you are linking to but since I liked to comment and interact with the wider blogosphere anyway, it was free traffic!

Using these three simple techniques, I took The PC Doctor blog from a few hundred hits a day into the thousands in less than 30 days. This kept my interest in the site until it came out of the Google sandbox and I started to receiver some serious traffic. However, I’m convinced that these actions I took at the early stages have helped me create a loyal and targeted readership that continues to benefit my blog today.

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6 'soft' skills you need for success

A reputed software company in India is all geared up for a client visit.

The clients have indicated that, after inspecting the progress of the project they have outsourced, they would like to meet the team members working on it.

Why? To select one team member for a stint onsite -- something almost every software engineer aspires for.

Ravi has been one of the most active members in the project and has done a wonderful job. He is technically brilliant, but has some concerns:

  • Will he able to communicate his performance to the client in an impressive manner so that he is chosen?
  • Why do his team mates not prefer to come to him for solutions and go to less capable people instead?
  • His project manager doesn't seem to be very warm towards him either, although he does drop in those occasional mails appreciating his work.

image Here is a typical scenario in an IT company; or for that matter, any organisation where interpersonal communication is involved. Or, like in Ravi's case, where an employee suffers from a lack of interpersonal skills.

Are technical/ job-related skills enough?

Technical and job-related skills are a must, but they are NOT sufficient when it comes to progressing up the ladder.

With the traditional paternalistic style of leadership becoming passé, professional managers expect their teams to be proactive and communicate openly.

"Soft skills are very important in business. It is essential to be technically sound, but one should also have the ability to convey the idea to the masses in the simplest possible manner," says Mayurkumar Gadewar, an ERP consultant with Pricewaterhouse Coopers.

With the boom in outsourcing taking root across industries, many professionals and subject matter experts directly deal with their clients on a regular basis.

Their approachability and people skills are what ultimately sustain the contract their employers have bagged.

"Planning is necessary but execution is also equally important. And it takes soft skills to execute any idea because it involves dealing with people directly," says Gadewar.

6 soft skills for every hard-nosed professional

Behavioural training experts say there are several soft skills are required in these circumstances. Some of them include:

i. Interpersonal skills

ii. Team spirit

iii. Social grace

iv. Business etiquette

v. Negotiation skills

vi. Behavioural traits such as attitude, motivation and time management

Do you have these? If your answer is yes, good for you.

But if your answer is no, then you know it is time to approach either a training organisation or a training consultant.

Will formal training enhance your soft skills?

There is a lot of argument in the industry as to whether it is possible to enhance soft skills in a few hours of training, especially when one considers the fact that a person has lived with those traits all his life. To this, the answer is harsh but real -- a professional who wants to do well in his/ her career does not really have a choice.

In the initial years of your career, your technical abilities are important to get good assignments. However, when it comes to growing in an organisation, it is your personality that matters, more so in large organisations where several people with similar technical expertise will compete for a promotion.

Training on soft skills becomes all the more relevant in a country like India where the education system does not delve into personality development.

"Soft skills training is essential because we do not have it in our academic curricula. Therefore, corporate houses have to take up the task of grooming employees who are the link between the company and the external world, so that they are able to present themselves better, " says Sumeet Mehta, an equity research analyst with Fortis Securities Ltd.

Be your own trainer!

While organisations are definitely investing in augmenting their staff's people skills, here are some inputs for professionals and students who would like to initiate the process themselves:

i. Be a part of team activities

It could be either as a part of your church choir, or an NGO, or your local youth circle.

Observe your own behaviour in the group and how you relate to others.

ii. Ask family members or close friends to write down your best and worst traits.

Ideally, have at least four to five people do this for you.

Evaluate the common traits all of them have mentioned. Thus, you can be aware of your strengths and work improving your weaknesses.

iii. How well do you manage your time?

Think.

Can you do more in life? Or is your day too crammed with activities? Effective time management is very essential in the corporate world.

iv. Introspect on how you react to feedback.

In organisations, people skills mostly come into the picture when there is feedback given -- be it for an idea, an executed project or a presentation.

You are judged by the way you respond to feedback.

Do you get defensive?

Do you insist you were right?

Do you meekly accept criticism?

Remember, people tend to be judged and stereotyped according to their responses. You will, too.

v. How good are you at critiquing?

While responding to feedback is one side of the coin, giving feedback is the other side.

Are you aggressive? Pessimistic? Do you believe in constructive criticism? Or prefer to be the yes-man?

vi. Live consciously

Any organisation is manned by people, therefore soft skills are all about how you deal with people and present yourself.

Though it may be easier said than done, soft skills can be enhanced simply by being aware of oneself and living consciously.

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10 tips to improve the way you speak English

Many deserving candidates lose out on job opportunities because of their vernacular accent.

Can I 'neutralise' my accent?

Yes, you can. All you need to do is train yourself to speak English as comfortably and perfectly as you speak your mother tongue.

How do you train yourself? By inculcating certain practices in your daily lifestyle. These will get you closer to sounding like a native English speaker and equip you with a global accent -- and you will speak not American or British English, but correct English.

This is the first step to learn any other accent, be it American or British or Australian.

Lisa Mojsin, head trainer, director and founder of the Accurate English Training Company in Los Angeles, offers these tips to help 'neutralise' your accent or rather do away with the local twang, as you speak.

i. Observe the mouth movements of those who speak English well and try to imitate them.

When you are watching television, observe the mouth movements of the speakers. Repeat what they are saying, while imitating the intonation and rhythm of their speech.

ii. Until you learn the correct intonation and rhythm of English, slow your speech down.

If you speak too quickly, and with the wrong intonation and rhythm, native speakers will have a hard time understanding you.

Don't worry about your listener getting impatient with your slow speech -- it is more important that everything you say be understood.

iii.
Listen to the 'music' of English.

Do not use the 'music' of your native language when you speak English. Each language has its own way of 'singing'.

iv. Use the dictionary.

Try and familiarise yourself with the phonetic symbols of your dictionary. Look up the correct pronunciation of words that are hard for you to say.

v. Make a list of frequently used words that you find difficult to pronounce and ask someone who speaks the language well to pronounce them for you.

Record these words, listen to them and practice saying them. Listen and read at the same time.

vi. Buy books on tape.

Record yourself reading some sections of the book. Compare the sound of your English with that of the person reading the book on the tape.

vii. Pronounce the ending of each word.

Pay special attention to 'S' and 'ED' endings. This will help you strengthen the mouth muscles that you use when you speak English.

viii. Read aloud in English for 15-20 minutes every day.

Research has shown it takes about three months of daily practice to develop strong mouth muscles for speaking a new language.

ix. Record your own voice and listen for pronunciation mistakes.

Many people hate to hear the sound of their voice and avoid listening to themselves speak. However, this is a very important exercise because doing it will help you become conscious of the mistakes you are making.

x. Be patient.

You can change the way you speak but it won't happen overnight. People often expect instant results and give up too soon. You can change the way you sound if you are willing to put some effort into it.

Quick tips

Various versions of the English language exist. Begin by identifying the category you fall into and start by improving the clarity of your speech.

~ Focus on removing the mother tongue influence and the 'Indianisms' that creep into your English conversations.

~ Watch the English news on television channels like Star World, CNN, BBC and English movies on Star Movies and HBO.

~ Listen to and sing English songs. We'd recommend Westlife, Robbie Williams, Abba, Skeeter Davis and Connie Francis among others.

Books to help you improve your English

  • Essential English Grammar by Murphy (Cambridge)
  • Spoken English by R K Bansal and J B Harrison
  • Pronounce It Perfectly In English (book and three audio cassettes) by Jean Yates, Barrons Educational Series
  • English Pronunciation For International Students by Paulette Wainless Dale, Lillian Poms
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Watch TV on your PC

Martin over at gHacks (no relation to me, by the way) has posted a pretty nice article which mentions how to go about watching TV on your PC using video streams from the web and freely available software. This can be pretty useful if your local TV stations aren’t showing your favorite sports game, for example. Pretty cool stuff, but what I’m really looking forward to is TapeItOffTheInternet Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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Setting up your own website

As the internet has evolved, setting up your own website or blog has become increasingly more simple. Many hosting companies offer packages which require almost no setup on the part of the user (Typepad and Wordpress.com come to mind). Setting up your own website isn’t terribly difficult, but if you’ve never done it before, you may not know exactly what steps to take. I thought about writing my own guide for TipMonkies, but came upon Site-Helper recently instead. Site-Helper is a fantastic resource to help you set up your own site and goes over pretty much all the important and relevant topics, from e-mail to scripts to databases and more.

After you’ve become acquainted with what it takes to set up your own site, be sure to check out W3Schools for a pretty good introduction into XHTML and CSS so you can start coding away!

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10 things you should know about every Linux installation

If you want to make the switch from windows to linux you should know some common differences between the two operating systems. A techrepublic article describes ten differences that every new linux user should know before making the switch.

The article explains the differences of the file hierarchy, gives on overview on *nix permissions and the command line interface. Its great for a quick overview of some of the key features of linux. It won´t be useful for more experienced users though. Nevertheless its worth to take a look.

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What's So Bad About Microsoft?

Why doesn't everyone hate Apple or Linux? Here are a bunch of reasons. Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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BUILD A cell phone jammer

Interested in the cell phone jammer but not willing to dish out any money, I decided to search for schematics to make your own. Here they are! Cell phone jammer Can't find what you're looking for? Try Google Search!
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World's Largest WORKING Keyboard

(The Computer Museum History Center, Mountain View, CA, www.computerhistory.org) The home of the largest collection of computer artifacts in the world, which includes more than 3,000 hardware components and 7,000 films, videos and historical photos. The Computer Museum History Center was established in 1996, following its move from The Computer Museum in Boston. Now two separate entities, the original Computer Museum and some of its exhibits live on in Boston's Museum of Science, while the majority of equipment was moved to The Computer Museum History Center at Moffett Field in California. Only a fraction of the equipment is in visible storage, which can be viewed by appointment. The future home of the History Center will be in the California Air & Space Center, a 100,000 square-foot facility expected to be built on the grounds of Moffett Field.

The original Computer Museum was founded in Marlboro, Massachusetts in 1979. Funded by several computer companies and private individuals, it offered the history of the industry as well as hands-on exhibits for kids and adults. You could literally walk through the world's largest computer.

Some Keyboard!
A boy has fun on the giant keyboard in the Boston Museum's Walk-Through Computer that opened at the end of 1995. (Image by FAYFOTO/John Rich; courtesy of The Computer Museum History Center.)
The Largest Graphics Board in the World
Visitors explored the ceiling-high audio/video board inside the same exhibit as above. (Image by FAYFOTO/Keith Quenzel; courtesy of The Computer Museum History Center.)
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Top 20 bookmarks of 2005

Javascript, AJAX, CSS, Design, Search Engines, Web App, Blog, etc. Must read for webmasters.

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Top 10 Web Moments of 2005

In December 1990 there was a single web site on the Internet, and by the end of 1991 that figured had jumped to ten. Today there are millions of sites and billions of pages, and the web is a universe unto itself. It's impossible for any one person to keep track of even one percent of the interesting stuff happening on the web, but still we try until our favorites folders are overflowing, our social bookmark sites crash, and our inboxes choke on forwarded links. Occasionally, though, all of that collective interest organizes itself into something more orderly and, for a moment, it seems like everyone on the web is thinking about the same thing. Below are ten moments from the past year that the people who make the web found coolest, most interesting, funniest, and most throught-provoking.

10. Numa Numa Dance

Numa Numa DanceWhat do you get when you combine a Romanian chart-topper, an American teenager, and a webcam? The Numa Numa Dance. New Jersey 19-year-old Gary Brolsma found Internet fame when he not only lip-synched, but did a slick choreographed routine—albeit without leaving his chair—to "Dragostea Din Tei," a dance track by Romanian pop trio O-Zone.

Though Brolsma ultimately shunned his fame, his performance is among the most-linked, forwarded, and immitated videos of the the year, even earning him a profile in the New York Times.

9. Samy is my hero

Samy is my heroOn Tuesday, October 4 Samy, a 19-year-old guy from L.A., had a modest 73 friends on MySpace. At 12:34 p.m. he made an update to his profile. Eighteen hours later Samy had 1,005,831 friend requests—1 out of every 35 MySpace users—each and every one of whose profiles included the phrase "but most of all, Samy is my hero." So, how did he pull it off? All it took was a little JavaScript and a lot of ingenuity.

Samy figured out that while MySpace did a good job of keeping JavaScript code, which users could use to do all sorts of nasty things, out of all the usual places, one tiny hole allowed him to create a JavaScript worm that would cause any web browser viewing his profile to add him as a friend, add the hero line to their profile, and most importantly, add a copy of the same worm their profile.

An hour after Samy hit a million friends, MySpace went down for maintenance, and quietly came up again two and a half hours later, JavaScript hole patched. Sammy's run was over, but his mark still remains on hundreds of MySpace profiles. For more on Samy, check out his web site which includes a technical explantion of how the hack was done.

8. "Wizards in Winter" synchronized Christmas lights

Synchronized Christmas lightsWhen Mason, Ohio's Carson Williams set up a video camera to record his music-synchronized Christmas light display, I'm sure he knew it was cool, but did he realize it would enthrall web video junkies like it did? The video, which shows Williams' 25,000-light display dancing in perfect sync with the Trans-Siberian Orchestra's bombastic "Wizards in Winter," seems so perfect that some people believed it was a series of stop-motion capture rather than real-time. In fact, the setup took the electrical engineer nearly two months and $10,000 to accomplish.

The Internet wasn't the only place Williams' work was noticed: Miller Brewing filmed his spectacle for a Miller Lite commercial ("Enjoy the Lites"), and the police eventually asked him to shut it down after local traffic escalated and at least one accident was caused.

7. Blogger sits out Hurricane Katrina in office building

Photo by Katrina bloggerOn Saturday, August 27, Michael Barnett, a sysadmin for New Orleans web host Zipa, posted to his LiveJournal the words "Hmm. This could actually be a nasty storm." A few hours later, in the company's offices on the 10th and 11th floors of an office building in downtown New Orleans, Barnett was at what could be considered the epicenter of the Hurrican Katrina disaster.

With emergency generators and stockpiles of food and water, Barnett and a handful of coworkers remained in the office building throughout the crisis, constantly blogging, snapping photos, and providing a 24/7 live webcam feed of the streets below. Barnett's frank and personal account of the disaster is still riveting today, four months after it began.

6. The Flying Spaghetti Monster

Flying Spaghetti MonsterBobby Henderson wasn't always the prophet he is today. He started out his career as a proselytizer with a simple letter to Kansas School Board, in which he urged them to teach an alternate theory alongside evolution and Intelligent Design: that our universe was created by the Flying Spaghetti Monster.

Henderson's satirical take on Intelligent Design, eventually dubbed Pastafarianism, captured the imaginations thousands of web surfers the world over, prompting art, bumper stickers, t-shirts, mugs, knitted spaghetti monsters, several competing religious sects, and even a video game. Eventually the mainstream media, including the New York Times, picked up on it, and though the Prophet Bobby Henderson's notoriety has faded a bit since Pastafarianism's peak, he's not done yet: with a reported $80,000 advance, he's writing The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, to be published in March by Random House.

5. Live 8

Live 8On the 20th anniversary of the historical Live Aid benefit concerts and on the eve of the 31st G8 Summit, ten concerts took place featuring dozens of top-tier performers, including U2, Paul McCartney, Elton John, Pink Floyd, Madonna, Green Day, P. Diddy, and many more. Live 8 was a momentous event and got heavy coverage from most major media outlets including continuous coverage by MTV, but nowhere was the coverage better than on the web. AOL Music featured constant, uncut, and free coverage of the entire event while dozens, if not hundreds, of music and politics bloggers covered the event without cease. Weblogs, Inc. got in on the act with its Live 8 Insider liveblog. MTV's coverage, meanwhile, was universally trashed for its commercial interruptions, bleeping, and lame veejays talking over landmark performances.

4. Google buys a 5% stake in AOL

AOLNot two months after AOL's acquisition of Weblogs, Inc. the whole web was talking about AOL again. Word was, three companies were courting AOL, all three of them Big Deals: Microsoft, Yahoo!, and Google. The bloggers went 'round and 'round, but nobody seemed very convinced that Google's heart was really in it. Much to everyone's surprise, Google did come out on top, with a $1 billion deal for a 5% stake in AOL.

Brad Hill at the Unofficial Google Weblog speculated that it was a defensive move on Google's part, as allowing its competitors a deal of this magnitude would mean a signficant loss ad revenue and a challenge to its web dominance, but whatever the motive, Google fans and detractors alike blogged about the deal's possible implications on the neutrality of Google's search results, and Google's VP was compelled to make a post on the official Google blog in an attempt to allay netizens' concerns and clarify the two companies' new roles.

3. Lazy Sunday

Lazy SundayThere is nary a ten-second stretch of Chris Parnell and Andy Samberg's Lazy Sunday that isn't eminently quotable. The success of the "Narnia Rap," which first aired as an "SNL Digital Short" on December 17's episode of Saturday Night Live, was literally an overnight hit on the web, and the song's "Chronic—WHAT!—cles of Narnia" hook and irresistable lines like "Mr. Pibb and Red Vines equals Crazy Delicious" were immediately taken up as the hottest catchphrases since "all your base are belong to us." The music video, which follows in the footsteps of videos produced by Samberg and his friends Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Taccone—now writers for Saturday Night Live—for their comedy web site The Lonely Island, is being hailed by some as some of the best work seen on SNL in years. NBC didn't waste much time in capitalizing on the song's success and quickly released the video as a free download on iTunes and the Saturday Night Live web site.

2. Sony BMG's XCP rootkit fiasco

Sony rootkitPerhaps this year's biggest corporate blunder in the tech world was Sony BMG's inclusion of a DRM system on its music CDs which contained a rootkit that, among other things, compromised the security of any computer they were played in. Sony first tried to ignore, and then bury, the controversey, with president of Sony's digital business division Thomas Hesse's infamous "Most people don't even know what a rootkit is, so why should they care about it?" earning a Foot-in-Mouth award from Wired News. The buzz kept growing, however, until the inevitable class action lawsuit was filed and Sony swung into full damage-control mode. This week Sony proposed a settlement that would have it recall all of its XCP-infected CDs and offer their owners a bunch of free downloads or $7.50 in cash. While this is surely not the end of invasive DRM, it undoubtedly proved a wake-up call for businesses who have yet to learn that there's a fine line between protecting their content and pissing off their customers.

For all of Download Squad's previous Sony rootkit coverage, take a look here. For a great timeline of the entire XCP saga, check out Boing Boing's five-part round-up, starting here.

1. Kanye West: "George Bush doesn't care about black people."

Kanye West and Mike MyersIf there was an award for most awkward pause of the year, it would go to the one immediately after Kanye West uttered his now-immortal words. It all started out innocently: During a call for donations during September 2nd's Hurricane Katrina benefit concert, Mike Myers sticks to the teleprompter, but when it's West's turn to talk he deviates from the script. After a minute and four seconds of Kanye's raw opinion, Myers, visibly uncomfortable, tries to hop back on-script. That's when Kanye drops his bombshell: "George Bush doesn't care about black people."

The script departure was cut from the west coast rebroadcast of the concert, but the video was online within hours, followed hastily by a statement from NBC and a great flurry of blogger and water cooler activity. One of the most talked-about moments of the year, it even spawned a remix of Kanye's hit song "Gold Digger" called "George Bush Don't Like Black People." A month later, West and Myers commemorated the event with a surprise appearance by Myers on Saturday Night Live.

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The History Of Michael Jackson's Face

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The rest of the best (links)

In compiling the Best Links 2005 list, I initially chose over 100 links and then thought, that's too many. These are the links that didn't make that list but that I thought you might like to see anyway because they're still pretty good.

Panic's drag and drop shopping cart.

How to not get your bike stolen in New York City.

Stewart Butterfield on Flickr.

If you can't afford bespoke... Suit options for men.

Paris through a pinhole. Some shots of Paris taken with a pinhole camera.

The History of the Universe in 200 Words or Less.

Why Your Camera Does Not Matter. Maybe your gear matters less than how you use it.

A Vernacular Web.

CameraMail. Man sends a camera through the mail with instructions to take photos with it.

Don't fuck with Ovid. Man helps capture thieves who stole his credit card.

Forensic types. Interview with type designers Jonathan Hoefler and Tobias Frere-Jones.

A Coder in Courierland. A look at the world of bike couriers.

You Got To Cool It Down. The 30 least hot follow-ups to the 30 hottest things you can say to a naked woman.

Why it is hard to share the wealth. The science behind the super-rich in America.

McNugget Number.

UPS Store Sign. Irony.

Design Without Reach. Ghetto versions of Design Within Reach merchandise.

What do we know about tipping?

Tiger did it. Tiger's amazing golf shot at Augusta.

Explicit Content Only... Editing the non-swears out of an NWA song.

The Omnivore. Jeffrey Steingarten learns to eat everything.

Everything You Thought You Knew About Grilling Is Wrong. How to grill.

The public choice economics of Star Wars: A Straussian reading.

Victoria Reynolds Artwork. Beautiful paintings of meat.

It's Fun To Play at the YMCA. Comparing NBA players to those guys at the Y.

I hates Lucas! I hates it forever! Anti-George Lucas rant.

Balls Out. How to throw a no-hitter on acid, and other lessons from the career of baseball legend Dock Ellis.

How did Mad Hot Ballroom survive the copyright cartel?

The Blurb Racket. Exposing misquotes in movie ads.

Alternate covers for romance novels.

The All-New Sesame Street.

Age Maps. Two photographs of the same person from different periods of time are spliced together.

Bad to the Last Drop. On bottled water.

Why do McDonald's customers order smaller Cokes at the drive-thru window?

Grim Meathook Future.

Not a Word. About intentional fake words in dictionaries.

Six Feet Under, 2001-2005

Being Poor

10 Reasons to Eat Local Food.

Redemption. The NY Yankees and redemption.

My Outsourced Life. A.J. Jacobs outsources his life to India.

Destination Florent. About a landmark NYC restaurant.

Lone Star Statements. One-star Amazon reviews of a list of the 100 best novels.

The Sad Tally. A graph of suicide locations from the Golden Gate Bridge.

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100 things we didn't know this time last year

Each week the Magazine picks out snippets from the news, and compiles them into 10 Things We Didn't Know This Time Last Week. Here's an end of year almanac.

1. The UK's first mobile phone call was made 20 years ago this year, when Ernie Wise rang the Vodafone head office, which was then above a curry shop in Newbury.

2. Mohammed is now one of the 20 most popular names for boys born in England and Wales.

3. While it's an offence to drop litter on the pavement, it's not an offence to throw it over someone's garden wall.

10 toes by Stuart Evans

4. An average record shop needs to sell at least two copies of a CD per year to make it worth stocking, according to Wired magazine.

5. Nicole Kidman is scared of butterflies. "I jump out of planes, I could be covered in cockroaches, I do all sorts of things, but I just don't like the feel of butterflies' bodies," she says.

6. WD-40 dissolves cocaine - it has been used by a pub landlord to prevent drug-taking in his pub's toilets.

7. Baboons can tell the difference between English and French. Zoo keepers at Port Lympne wild animal park in Kent are having to learn French to communicate with the baboons which had been transferred from Paris zoo.

8. Devout Orthodox Jews are three times as likely to jaywalk as other people, according to an Israeli survey reported in the New Scientist. The researchers say it's possibly because religious people have less fear of death.

9. The energy used to build an average Victorian terrace house would be enough to send a car round the Earth five times, says English Heritage.

Beach huts in Hove
10 beach huts by Angela Pini
10. Humans can be born suffering from a rare condition known as "sirenomelia" or "mermaid syndrome", in which the legs are fused together to resemble the tail of a fish.

11. One in 10 Europeans is allegedly conceived in an Ikea bed.

12. Until the 1940s rhubarb was considered a vegetable. It became a fruit when US customs officials, baffled by the foreign food, decided it should be classified according to the way it was eaten.

13. Prince Charles broke with an 80-year tradition by giving Camilla Parker Bowles a wedding ring fashioned from Cornish gold, instead of the nugget of Welsh gold that has provided rings for all royal brides and grooms since 1923.

14. It's possible for a human to blow up balloons via the ear. A 55-year-old factory worker from China reportedly discovered 20 years ago that air leaked from his ears, and he can now inflate balloons and blow out candles.

15. Lionesses like their males to be deep brunettes.

16. The London borough of Westminster has an average of 20 pieces of chewing gum for every square metre of pavement.

17. Bosses at Madame Tussauds spent £10,000 separating the models of Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston when they separated. It was the first time the museum had two people's waxworks joined together.

18. If all the Smarties eaten in one year were laid end to end it would equal almost 63,380 miles, more than two-and-a-half times around the Earth's equator.

19. The = sign was invented by 16th Century Welsh mathematician Robert Recorde, who was fed up with writing "is equal to" in his equations. He chose the two lines because "noe 2 thynges can be moare equalle".

10 butterfly eggs by Peter Rettenberger
20. The Queen has never been on a computer, she told Bill Gates as she awarded him an honorary knighthood.

21. One person in four has had their identity stolen or knows someone who has.

22. The length of a man's fingers can reveal how physically aggressive he is, scientists say.

23. In America it's possible to subpoena a dog.

24. The 71m packets of biscuits sold annually by United Biscuits, owner of McVitie's, generate 127.8 tonnes of crumbs.

25. Nelson probably had a broad Norfolk accent.

26. One in four people does not know 192, the old number for directory inquiries in the UK, has been abolished.

27. Only in France and California are under 18s banned from using sunbeds.

28. The British buy the most compact discs in the world - an average of 3.2 per year, compared to 2.8 in the US and 2.1 in France.

29. When faced with danger, the octopus can wrap six of its legs around its head to disguise itself as a fallen coconut shell and escape by walking backwards on the other two legs, scientists discovered.

10 on Ford GT40 by Tony Crowther
30. There are an estimated 1,000 people in the UK in a persistent vegetative state.

31. Train passengers in the UK waited a total of 11.5m minutes in 2004 for delayed services.

32. "Restaurant" is the most mis-spelled word in search engines.

33. Chelsea boss Jose Mourinho has only been in an English pub once, to buy his wife cigarettes.

34. The Little Britain wheelchair sketch with Lou and Andy was inspired by Lou Reed and Andy Warhol.

35. The name Lego came from two Danish words "leg godt", meaning "play well". It also means "I put together" in Latin.

36. The average employee spends 14 working days a year on personal e-mails, phone calls and web browsing, outside official breaks, according to employment analysts Captor.

37. Cyclist Lance Armstrong's heart is almost a third larger than the average man's.

38. Nasa boss Michael Griffin has seven university degrees: a bachelor's degree, a PhD, and five masters degrees.

39. Australians host barbecues at polling stations on general election days.
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10 bowling balls by Nathan Jenkins
40. An average Briton will spend £1,537,380 during his or her lifetime, a survey from insurer Prudential suggests.
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41. Tactically, the best Monopoly properties to buy are the orange ones: Vine Street, Marlborough Street and Bow Street.
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42. Britain's smallest church, near Malmesbury, Wiltshire, opens just once a year. It measures 4m by 3.6m and has one pew.
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43. The spiciness of sauces is measured in Scoville Units.
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44. Rubber gloves could save you from lightning.
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45. C3PO and R2D2 do not speak to each other off-camera because the actors don't get on.

46. Driving at 159mph - reached by the police driver cleared of speeding - it would take nearly a third of a mile to stop.
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47. Liverpool has 42 cranes redeveloping the city centre.

48. A quarter of the world's clematis come from one Guernsey nursery, where production will top 4.5m plants this year alone.

49. Tim Henman has a tennis court at his new home in Oxfordshire which he has never used.

10 grandchildren - five kids and their portraits - by Jimmy Martin
50. Only 36% of the world's newspapers are tabloid.

51. Parking wardens walk about 15 miles a day.
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52. You're 10 times more likely to be bitten by a human than a rat.
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53. It takes 75kg of raw materials to make a mobile phone.
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54. Deep Throat is reportedly the most profitable film ever. It was made for $25,000 (£13,700) and has grossed more than $600m.

55. Antony Worrall-Thompson swam the English Channel in his youth.

56. The Pyruvate Scale measures pungency in onions and garlic. It's named after the acid in onions which makes cooks cry when cutting them.

57. The man who was the voice of one of the original Daleks, Roy Skelton, also did the voices for George and Zippy in Rainbow.

58. The average guest at a Buckingham Palace garden party scoffs 14 cakes, sandwiches, scones and ice-cream, according to royal accounts.

59. Oliver Twist is very popular in China, where its title is translated as Foggy City Orphan.

10 penguins
10 penguins by Nic Evans
60. Newborn dolphins and killer whales don't sleep for a month, according to research carried out by University of California.

61. You can bet on your own death.
Full story

62. MPs use communal hairbrushes in the washrooms of the Houses of Parliament.

63. It takes less energy to import a tomato from Spain than to grow them in this country because of the artificial heat needed, according to Defra.

64. New York mayor Michael Bloomberg's home number is listed by directory inquiries.

65. Actor James Doohan, who played Scotty, had a hand in creating the Klingon language that was used in the movies, and which Shakespeare plays were subsequently translated into.

66. The hotter it is, the more difficult it is for aeroplanes to take off. Air passengers in Nevada, where temperatures have reached 120F, have been told they can't fly.

67. Giant squid eat each other - especially during sex.

68. The Very Hungry Caterpillar has sold one copy every minute since its 1969 publication.
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69. First-born children are less creative but more stable, while last-born are more promiscuous, says US research.

10 bales of straw by Peter Bradshaw
70. Reebok, which is being bought by Adidas, traces its history back more than 100 years to Bolton.

71. Jimi Hendrix pretended to be gay to be discharged from the US Army.

72. A towel doesn't legally reserve a sun lounger - and there is nothing in German or Spanish law to stop other holidaymakers removing those left on vacant seats.

73. One in six children think that broccoli is a baby tree.

74. It takes a gallon of oil to make three fake fur coats.

75. Each successive monarch faces in a different direction on British coins.

76. The day when most suicides occurred in the UK between 1993 and 2002 was 1 January, 2000.

77. The only day in that time when no-one killed themselves was 16 March, 2001, the day Comic Relief viewers saw Jack Dee win Celebrity Big Brother.

78. One in 18 people has a third nipple.

79. The section of coast around Cleethorpes has the highest concentration of caravans in Europe.

10 sunbeds by Ann Cooper
80. Fifty-seven Bic Biros are sold every second - amounting to 100bn since 1950.

81. George Bernard Shaw named his shed after the UK capital so that when visitors called they could be told he was away in London.

82. Former Labour MP Oona King's aunt is agony aunt Miriam Stoppard.

83. Britain produces 700 regional cheeses, more even than France.

84. The actor who plays Mike Tucker in BBC Radio 4's The Archers is the father of the actor who plays Will Grundy.

85. Japanese knotweed can grow from a piece of root the size of pea. And it can flourish anew if disturbed after lying dormant for more than 20 years.

86. Hecklers are so-called because of militant textile workers in Dundee.

87. Pulling your foot out of quicksand takes a force equivalent to that needed to lift a medium-sized car.

88. A single "mother" spud from southern Peru gave rise to all the varieties of potato eaten today, scientists have learned.

89. Spanish Flu, the epidemic that killed 50 million people in 1918/9, was known as French Flu in Spain.

10 snowdrops by Bryce Cook
90. Ordinary - not avian - flu kills about 12,000 people in the UK every winter.

91. Croydon has more CCTV cameras than New York.

92. You are 176 times more likely to be murdered than to win the National Lottery.

93. Koalas have fingerprints exactly like humans (although obviously smaller).

94. Bill Gates does not have an iPod.

95. The first traffic cones were used in building Preston bypass in the late 1950s, replacing red lantern paraffin burners.

96. Britons buy about one million pumpkins for Halloween, 99% of which are used for lanterns rather than for eating.

97. The mother of stocky cricketer - and this year's Strictly Come Dancing champion - Darren Gough was a ballet dancer. She helped him with his pivots.

98. Nettles growing on land where bodies are buried will reach a foot higher than those growing elsewhere.

99. The Japanese word "chokuegambo" describes the wish that there were more designer-brand shops on a given street.

100. Musical instrument shops must pay an annual royalty to cover shoppers who perform a recognisable riff before they buy, thereby making a "public performance".

Thanks to all the Magazine readers who submitted items and photographs this year. 10 Things will return as normal next weekend.

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